RetmarkerDR • Literature

The Diabetic population, estimated in 200 million, is expected to grow to 360 million in 2030, according to World Health Organization. The same source states that Diabetic Retinopathy, a complication derived from Diabetes is responsible for 4.8% of the 37 million cases of blindness throughout the world!

You can learn more about Diabetic Retinopathy here.

RetmarkerDR

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Brief Literature Review regarding the relationship between Microaneurysms and Diabetic Retinopathy Progression

2011

Recently Sjolie et al. (2011) showed that microaneurysms counts were predictive of an increased risk of retinopathy.

Sjolie AK, Klein R, Porta M, Orchard T, Fuller J, Parving HH, Bilous R, Aldington S, Chaturvedi N (2011) Retinal microaneurysms count predicts progression and regression of diabetic retinopathy. Post-hoc results from the DIRECT Programme. Diabet Medicine 28():345-351.

2009

Over a 10- year follow-up period, microaneurysm turnover determined in the first 2 years identifies the patients at risk of progression to CSME and vision loss.

Nunes S, Pires I, Rosa A, Duarte L, Bernardes R, Cunha-Vaz J. Microaneurysm Turnover Is a Biomarker for Diabetic Retinopathy Progression to Clinically Significant Macular Edema: Findings for Type 2 Diabetics with Nonproliferative Retinopathy. Ophthalmologica. 2009;223(5):292-7.

2008

Retinal microaneurysm counting has been suggested as an appropriate marker of retinopathy progression.

Csaky KG, Richman EA, Ferris FL (2008) Report from the NEI/FDA Ophthalmic Clinical Trials Design and Endpoints Symposium. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 49:479-489

2003

Sharp et al. found that in early stages of retinopathy, patients who increase the microaneurysm count worsen the retinopathy level.

Sharp PF, Olson J, Strachan F, Hipwell J, Ludbrook A, O’Donnell M, Wallece S, Goatman K, Grant A, Waugh N, McHardy K, Forrester JV (2003) The value of digital imaging in diabetic retinopathy. Health Technol Assess 7:1-119

1999

Retinal microaneurysms are important lesions of diabetic retinopathy and even one or two microaneurysms in an eye should not regarded as unimportant.

Kohner AM, Stratton IM, Aldington SJ, Turner RC, Matthews DR for the UK Prospective Study Group (1999) Microaneurysms in the development of diabetic retinopathy (UKPDS). Diaetologia 45:1780-1785

1995

On fundus photography, microaneurysms and small hemorrhages are the initial changes detected in the diabetic retina. They may be counted, and retinal microaneurysms counting has been suggested as an appropriated marker of retinopathy progression.

Klein R, Klein B, Moss SE, Cruickshanks KJ (1995) The Wisconsin Epidemiologic Study of Diabetic Retinopathy. XV. The long-term incidence of macular edema. Ophthamology 102:7-16

1989

Klein et al. (1989) looked at the relationship between retinal microaneurysms and the progression of diabetic retinopathy over a 4-year period. In their study the number of microaneurysms at the baseline examination was positively associated with significant progression of retinopathy.

Klein R, Meuer SM, Scot E Moss MA, Klein BEK (1989) The relationship of Retinal Microaneurysms Counts to the 4-Year Progression of Diabetic Retinopathy. Arch Ophthalmol 107: 1780-1785.

AIBILI has been presenting research related to RetmarkerDR and RetmarkerC underlying concepts at important scientific forums and publications:

Bernardes R, Nunes S, Pereira I, Torrent T, Rosa A, Coelho D, Cunha-Vaz J, "Computer-Assisted Microaneurysm Turnover in the Early Stages of Diabetic Retinopathy", Ophthalmologica 2009;223; 284–291

Nunes S, Pires I, Rosa A, Duarte L, Bernardes R, Cunha-Vaz J, "Microaneurysm Turnover Is a Biomarker for Diabetic Retinopathy Progression to Clinically Significant Macular Edema: Findings for Type 2 Diabetics with Nonproliferative Retinopathy", Ophthalmologica 2009;223:292–297

Bernardes R, Ferreira J, Baptista P, Cunha-Vaz J, "Earmarking in a Sequence of Digital Color Fundus Photographs", The 3rd European Medical and Biological Engineering Conference (EMBEC'05), November 20 – 25, 2005, Prague, Czech Republic, ISSN: 1727-1983

Lobo C, Bernardes R, Figueira J, Abreu J, Cunha-Vaz J, "Three-Year Follow-up Study of Blood-Retinal Barrier and Retinal Thickness Alterations in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Mild Nonproliferative Diabetic Retinopathy", Arch Ophthalmol, February 1, 2004; 122(2): 211 - 217

Nunes S, Santos T, Pires I, Lobo C, Bernardes R, Cunha-Vaz J, "Cluster Analysis Identification Of Early Diabetic Retinopathy Phenotypes"

Nunes S, Bernardes R, Pereira I, Santos T, Soares M, Pires I, Lobo C, Cunha-Vaz J, "Validation of a predictive model for diabetic retinopathy progression in type-2 diabetic patients with mild nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy"

Pires I, Duarte L, Nunes S, Pereira I, Bernardes R, Cunha-Vaz J, "Microaneurysms Formation Rate as a Predictor of DR Progression to CSME Needing Photocoagulation in Nonproliferative Retinopathy in Diabetes Type 2"

Bernardes R, Baptista P, Ferreira J, Duarte L, Cunha-Vaz J "Earmarking Retinal Changes on a Color Fundus Photograph Time-Sequence"